Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

IVDD occurs when the cushioning discs between vertebrae bulge or rupture, putting pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. It can range from mild pain to complete paralysis. This condition is particularly common in dogs with long backs and short legs.

Signs by Severity:

• Grade 1 (Mild): Pain only, reluctance to move, tense abdomen
• Grade 2: Mild to moderate weakness, wobbly walking, can still walk
• Grade 3: Moderate to severe weakness, may need assistance to walk
• Grade 4: Paralysis with deep pain sensation still present
• Grade 5 (Severe): Paralysis with loss of deep pain sensation (emergency)

Common Signs:

• Reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• Crying out in pain when moved or picked up
• Hunched back or tense abdomen
• Reduced activity level
• Shaking or muscle spasms
• Dragging one or more limbs
• Loss of bladder/bowel control in severe cases

Breeds at High Risk:

• Dachshunds
• Shih Tzus
• Beagles
• Pekingese
• Corgis
• Basset Hounds
• French Bulldogs

Emergency First Aid:

1. Restrict movement immediately (strict crate rest).
2. Use a firm, flat surface for transport (board, tray, carrier bottom).
3. Minimise handling - move as a unit keeping spine straight.
4. Do not allow jumping, climbing stairs, or playing.
5. Seek veterinary care:
   • Immediately for paralysis or significant weakness
   • Within 24 hours for pain only